WanaTirta

Dulu waktu saya kecil dan sampai sekitar SMA-an lah mungkin, masih punya pemikiran bahwa anak cerdas atau pinter adalah anak yang sering mendapat nilai matematika, fisika dan kimianya 10. Saat itu, saya menganggap bahwa anak yang berada di kelas IPA (dulu disebut juga A satu, kenapa bukan A tiga yaa?) adalah anak yang relatif lebih pinter dibanding yang masuk IPS ( A dua atau A tiga). Kadang-kadang juga saat ikut nimbrung acara ibu-ibu, sesekali terdengar para ibu bergosip dengan membanggakan anaknya yang masuk IPA atau kuliah di Tehnik (yang pastinya dulu kalo sekolah di tehnik akan mendapat gelar Tukang Insinyur).

Tapi sekarang, seiring dengan waktu dan pengalaman, pemahaman saya berubah. Anak yang cerdas di matematik, belum tentu cerdas dalam melukis atau membuat puisi atau berolahraga. Dalam sinetron-sinetron saat ini seringkali ditampilkan anak kurus, berkacamata setebal tutup botol tidak bisa olahraga tapi jago ngitung, atau sebaliknya ada juga jago basket, gagah dan guanteng tapi matematiknya ponten 4 melulu.

Menurut seorang yang pinter Howard Gadner (1982), ternyata ada 8 kecerdasan yang mungkin pada anak manusia. Kecerdasan-kecerdasan tersebut jarang sekaligus unggul(dominan) secara bersamaan semuanya pada setiap anak/orang (walaupun orang sekelas seperti Leonardo Da Vinci, Gallileo, Newton atau Schrodinger dll). Dibawah adalah 8 jenis kecerdasan yang mungkin ada pada diri manusia.

1. Linguistic (word smart) : Children who have good linguistic abilities are good with words. They tend to enjoy listening to and playing with the sounds of words. They will like books and enjoy being read to, tell jokes or stories, have good memories for words and will likely learn to spell words easily.
2. Logical-Mathematical (logic smart) : Children with this intelligence will be good at logical thinking activities. They may enjoy puzzles or other board games where they have to think logically. They will enjoy math games and computers.They will enjoy learning how things work, problem solving, and critical thinking.
3. Spatial (picture smart) : Children with Spatial intelligence tend to be good at images and pictures. They may enjoy drawing pictures and painting and may be good at mazes, puzzles or building blocks. They may be interested in machines. Give them things to take apart and put together, design, or paint.
4. Musical : Children will enjoy music and singing. They may sing or enjoy playing musical instruments. They may be good at discriminating sounds in the environment and will enjoy listening to nursery rhymes and music and may remember songs easily.
5. Bodily Kinesthetic : This intelligence is characterized by children who are good at sports and movement activities. They will demonstrate good gross and fine motor skills and enjoy activities such as swimming, dancing, competitive sports or building things.
6. Naturalist : This intelligence refers to children who have a strong interest in nature or animals. These children will prefer to play outdoors rather than in and enjoy playing with rocks, sticks, water, sand or animals. They will likely enjoy playing in snow or leaves.
7. Interpersonal : Interpersonal intelligence refers to children who are very social and good in social activities. These may be children who settle conflicts and enjoy group games. They seem to have an awareness of other people’s feelings.
8. Intrapersonal : This intelligence is characterized by children who have a strong sense of independence. They may tend to play alone more than with others. They may have a strong sense of self-confidence and set goals for themselves to achieve.

Mengetahui dan memahami hal ini, menjadi geli sendiri kalo ingat dulu kakak sering dicubit sampai biru oleh Bapak gara-gara nggak bisa ngerjain PR matematika, sambil dibentak-bentak “gimana mau jadi insinyur, Kalau soal segini gampang nggak bisa?”. Padahal, faktanya sekarang untuk hidup senang dan kaya tidak harus jadi insinyur dan dokter dulu kan?.

Tabik

Sumber Matrik : Rettig, M. 2005, Early Childhood Education Journal, Vol. 32, No.4, february DOI : 10.1007/s10643-004-0865-2